United States and Russia attempting to engage with Syria in efforts to reach a political settlement in the last few years has failed to decrease extreme violations of human rights and humanitarian laws that has led to the armed conflict occurring there right now. The intensification of war has led to a critical humanitarian crisis that has resulted in 6.1 million internally displaced people and 4.8 million seeking refuge abroad, according to the United Nation Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs. By mid-2016, an estimated 1 million people were denied life-saving assistance and humanitarian aid and more than 117,000 people have been detained or have disappeared since 2011 according to the Syrian Network for Human Rights. The Islamic State (also known as ISIS), and the former Al-Qaeda affiliate in Syria, Jabhat Fateh al-Sham, were responsible for systematic and widespread violations which included targeting civilians with artillery, executions and kidnapping. There are also non-state armed groups opposing the government that have conducted terrible abuses such as using child soldiers, torture and random attacks against civilians (Human Rights Watch 2016).